**6.2 Blue Chlorophyta (BGA)**

The BGA represents the most important, most numerous and cosmopolitan cluster of microscopic organisms that perform an oxygenic chemical process. These are as well-known as Cyanophyceae and cyanobacteria [15–18].

#### **6.3 Azolla**

A floating fern *'Azolla'* hosts element fixing BGA *Anabaena azollae*. *Azolla* contains 3.4% nitrogen (on dry weight basis) and adds organic matter in soil. This biofertilizer is used for rice cultivation. There are six species of *Azolla* viz. *A. pinnata*, *A. microphylla*, *A. mexicana*, *A. filiculoides*, *A. nilotica,* and *A. caroliniana* [19–20].

#### **7. Soil management in organic farming**

It is essential to take care to build up comparison of average yields, standard deviations, and coefficients of variation over five successive years. This includes crops and soil fertility, based on three inextricably interrelated components of soil management. These components are physical (water-holding capacity, structure, etc.), chemical (nutrient dynamics, pH), and biological (soil biota). The soil fertility of organic farming, can be defined as: well-managed soil organic matter in the soil, good soil structure, diverse soil biota and a high nutrient and waterholding capacity by using compost and stable manure. The organic soil is one that can build up over time buffering capacity and resistance to an imbalance in growing conditions as part of the strategy to enhance the self-regulatory capacity of the farm ecosystem [21, 22].

#### **8. Weed management in organic farming**

Weeds are often cited as the most significant problem in organic farming systems, and they are certainly the problem that most concerns the farmers, who are looking at changing over their farm from a standard one into an associatein-nursing organic one.

#### **9. Botanical pesticide use in organic farming**

#### **9.1 Nicotine**

Nicotine is obtained from tobacco or related Nicotiana species and is one of the oldest botanical insecticides in use today. It is also one of the most toxic to warmblooded animals, and it is readily absorbed through the skin.

#### **9.2 Sabadilla**

Sabadilla is another botanical insecticide. It is extracted from the seeds of the sabadilla lilly. The veratrine alkaloid is the active ingredient. Sabadilla is a botanical insecticide with low toxicity. However, its dust can be extremely irritating to the eyes and can produce sneezing if inhaled.

#### **9.3 Neem**

Neem is a botanical pesticide that comes from the neem tree, which is native of India. This tree supplies at least two compounds, salannin and azadirachtin, that have insecticidal activity and other unknown compounds with fungicidal activity. Neem pesticide controls gypsy moths, western flower thrips, sweet potato white flies, leaf miners, loopers, caterpillars, and mealybugs.

**9**

**Author details**

Tamil Nadu, India

Muthuraman Yuvaraj1

3 Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt

provided the original work is properly cited.

\*Address all correspondence to: yuvasoil@gmail.com

\*, Peyandi Paraman Mahendran<sup>2</sup>

1 Agricultural College and Research Institute, Vazhavachanur, Tiruvannamalai,

The contemporary form of natural farming is being popular in the world in a timely fashion, in particular in developed countries. Organic farming device is a choice, and an appropriate management system would help to enhance the soil health environment and hence expand the productive ranges and the enhance quality of crops. The natural farming system utilizes extremely multifaceted and combined residing classifications to accomplish their cease of maintainable harvest and inventory output. Organic agriculture is a potential choice due to the fact that it enlivens the soil, strengthens the natural resource base, and sustains organic production at degrees to commensurate the carrying potential of the managed agro eco-system. In addition to this, export market can also be tapped by group initiatives in organic farming. In a country like India, food production has to grow

2 Department of Crop Management, Agriculture College and Research Institute, Kudumiyanmalai, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

and Eman Tawfik Hussien3

*Role of Organic Farming in Agriculture DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93431*

**10. Conclusions**

steadily.
