**7. Process for improving the vitality of bio-decomposer microbes**

In 1998, Kale's finding was that if solid by-products of agricultural waste are dumped as landfilling, a traditional disposal method of agricultural waste disposal, it results in the contamination of groundwater, soil, as well as food resource materials [52, 53]. The contamination is due to the presence of fibrous substances in agri-residues which have very high BOD and COD for decomposition or oxidation process.

### **7.1 Addition of inert materials to enhance the performance of bio-organisms**

Various scientists offered some safe inert ingredients for managing this agro waste along with microorganisms which is environmentally friendly, economical and accepted by the farmers [56]. A compositing technology is then come into application in which waste is processed to remove bio-toxic compounds by anaerobic decomposition method. Previous studies revealed that vermincompositing was an appropriate technology for converting agri-waste into a valuable product [54]. In vermin-compositing, earthworms and associated microflora convert waste into soil nutrients which boost up the soil fertility [55]. For decomposition of hazardous substance like pesticides, fertilizers, etc., mix with some bulky inert ingredients like saw dust and cow dung in 1:1 ratio for vermincompositing trails for maximum decomposition by earthworms [56]. Textile sludge mixing with biogas plant slurry in combination of 2:3 ratio further increases decomposition [57]. Vermin-compositing of waste by beverage industry in combination with cow dung enhances the nutrient end product and earthworm performance in 1:1 ratio [58]. So, all these studies revealed that vermin-compositing performance is enhanced in presence of some bulky inert materials in suitable proportion.
