Preface

Using biomass to cogenerate energy and produce biological and biochemical products as well as bioproducts with economic importance is a great alternative to using fossil fuels, which have adverse effects on the environment. Biomass, as a sustainable and renewable energy source, has considerable importance in the production of several molecules with vast application in industries such as agriculture and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, alternative biomass sources and the development of thermochemical processes for efficient conversion of several biomass substrates contribute to the development of biofuel and bioenergy production.

The present book, *Biotechnological Applications of Biomass*, provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art of biomass utilization in agriculture and pharmaceuticals. It contains thirty-two chapters over eight sections: "Biomass (Pre)Treatments or Conversion," "Biomass for (Bio)Energy," "Alternative Biomass Sources," "Biochemical Products," "Microalgae Biomass," "Biotechnological Products," "Thermochemical Processes," and "Kinetic Models and Tools for Biomass Measurement".

This book will be interesting for researchers around the world involved with biomass utilization. It also contributes to the diverse research areas of biomass utilization and production of bioproducts.

**IV**

**Chapter 24 451**

Biotechnological Products **487**

**Chapter 25 489**

**Chapter 26 511**

**Chapter 27 525**

Thermochemical Processes **545**

**Chapter 28 547**

**Chapter 29 561**

Kinetic Models and Tools for Biomass Measurement **577**

**Chapter 30 579**

**Chapter 31 595**

**Chapter 32 607**

Economics, Sustainability, and Reaction Kinetics of Biomass Torrefaction

Soft Sensors for Biomass Monitoring during Low Cost Cellulase Production

Fungal Biomass Load and *Aspergillus flavus* in a Controlled Environment

*by Nusrat Iqbal, Amrish Agrawal, Saurabh Dubey and Jitender Kumar*

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Thermochemical Treatment

Investigation of Nonisothermal Combustion Kinetics of Isolated Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Case Study of Cellulose from Date Palm

*by Emmanuel Galiwango and Ali H. Al-Marzouqi*

for the Liquefaction of Lemon Bagasse in a Jacketed Vessel *by Brenno S. Leite, Daniel J.O. Ferreira, Sibele A.F. Leite* 

Use of Olive Mill Wastewaters as Bio-Insecticides for the Control

*by Abdelilah Meddich, Abderrahim Boutasknit, Mohamed Anli, Meriame Ait Ahmed, Abdelilah El Abbassi, Hanane Boutaj,* 

of *Potosia Opaca* in Date Palm (*Phoenix dactylifera L.*)

Role of Decomposers in Agricultural Waste Management

*Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar and Ali Boumezzough*

*by Alfred Mitema and Naser Aliye Feto*

*by Thanh Phong Mai and Dinh Quan Nguyen*

Recent Advances in Algal Biomass Production *by Meghna Rajvanshi and Richard Sayre*

**Section 6**

**Section 7**

Gasification of Biomass

*and Vanessa F.C. Lins*

**Section 8**

Biomass Waste

*by Chitra Murugan*

*by Temitope Olumide Olugbade*

**Thalita Peixoto Basso,** Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil

**Thiago Olitta Basso and Luiz Carlos Basso,** University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil

**1**

Section 1

Biomass (Pre)Treatments

or Conversion
