**Nomenclature**


**15**

**Author details**

Abhishek Kumar, Pratishtha Yadav and Rakesh Garg\*

Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India

\*Address all correspondence to: drrgarg@hotmail.com

provided the original work is properly cited.

Department of Onco-Anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, BRAIRCH, All India

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

*Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Recent Advances DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91866*

LVOT left ventricle outflow tract NIRS near-infrared spectroscopy OHCA out of hospital cardiac arrest PEA pulseless electrical activity pVT pulseless ventricular tachycardia ROSC Return of spontaneous circulation SAD supraglottic airway devices

VF ventricular fibrillation

ITD inspiratory impedance threshold device

TTM targeted temperature management

*Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Recent Advances DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91866*

*Sudden Cardiac Death*

pregnancy [124].

**10. Conclusion**

**Nomenclature**

CA cardiac arrest CC chest compression

DA-CPR dispatcher assist CPR

ECPR extracorporeal CPR EMS emergency medical service IHCA in-hospital cardiac arrest

improves the maternal outcome [118].

the patient to a lateral position relieves the compression but does not allow chest compression. A study on mannequin demonstrated that a tilt of 27° was enough during chest compression to stop mannequin from falling but with the limitation of achieving 80% of force for CCs as compared to supine position [121]. A virtual gastroscopy demonstrated lateral displacement of the heart on lateral tilt offsetting the pumping action of chest compression [122]. A study utilized MRI to demonstrate compression of inferior vena cava and partial release on the lateral tilt of 30° in pregnant patients as compared to non-pregnant patients [123]. Considering this, manual displacement of the uterus can relieve the compression without affecting the vector force during chest compression, although delivery of the fetus is the ultimate and most comprehensive way of relieving the aortocaval compression. CPR is performed at a ratio of 30 compressions and 2 breaths. Oxygenation is the ultimate goal, the airway must be secured as soon as possible. It prevents aspiration and provides treatment for the respiratory cause of arrest. Considering the physiological changes of pregnancy and experienced laryngoscopist must perform intubation with an endotracheal tube of a smaller diameter. Recent studies have shown no advantage of the advanced airway during CPR in-hospital resuscitation, but this may not hold in pregnant patients keeping in view the physiological changes of

Rhythm analysis, defibrillation, and drugs used are similar to non-pregnant patients. Intravenous cannulation must be established above the diaphragm, to prevent the cut off of drugs due to gravid uterus causing aortocaval compression. It is reasonable to perform perimortem caesarian delivery within 5 min of resuscitation maternal cardiac arrest. It maximizes the neonatal outcome as well as

Managing cardiac arrest can be very challenging considering its complexity and time sensitivity. However, over the last couple of years, lot of research has been done in this field and implementation of these research-proven interventions has led to improvement of the overall outcome. For example, we know that early identification of cardiac arrest, early implementation of bystander CPR, compression-only CPR, early activation of the EMS system, early defibrillation by AED, and aggressive post-arrest care that includes therapeutic hypothermia, early cardiac

catheterization, seizure control, and goal-directed care improve outcomes.

ADC-FR analysis during compressions with fast reconfirmation

AED automated electronic defibrillator

CCP cerebral and coronary perfusion CCR cardiocerebral resuscitation CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation

ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

**14**

