**Author details**

Abdullah Abdulrhman Al Abdulgader Senior Congenital Cardiologist and Invasive Electrophysiologist, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Alhasa, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia

\*Address all correspondence to: kidsecho@yahoo.com

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**127**

*Inherited Ventricular Arrhythmias, the Channelopathies and SCD: Current Knowledge…*

et al. Genotype-phenotype correlation in the long-QT syndrome. Circulation.

[10] Spazzolini C, Mullally J, Moss AJ, Schwartz PJ, Mcnitt S, Ouellet G, et al. Clinical implications for patients with long QT syndrome who experience a cardiac event during infancy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[11] Priori SG, Schwartz PJ, Napolitano C, Bloise R, Ronchetti E, Grillo M, et al. Risk stratification in the long-QT syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;**348**(19):1866-1874

[12] Kline J, Costantini O. Inherited cardiac arrhythmias and channelopathies. The Medical Clinics of North

[13] Hoshino K, Ogawa K, Hishitani T, Isobe T, Etoh Y. Successful uses of magnesium sulfate for torsades de pointes in children with long QT syndrome. Pediatrics International.

America. 2019;**103**(5):809-820

[14] Chockalingam P, Crotti L,

β-blocker therapy failures in

long-QT syndrome. Pediatric Cardiology. 2004;**25**(5):459-465

[16] Abu-Zeitone A, Peterson DR, Polonsky B, Mcnitt S, Moss AJ. Efficacy

of different Beta-blockers in the

2014;**64**(13):1352-1358

Girardengo G, Johnson JN, Harris KM, Heijden JFVD, et al. Not all Betablockers are equal in the management of long QT syndrome types 1 and 2. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2012;**60**(20):2092-2099

[15] Chatrath R, Bell CM, Ackerman MJ.

symptomatic probands with genotyped

treatment of long QT syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

2006;**48**(2):112-117

2001;**103**(1):89-95

2009;**54**(9):832-837

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92131*

[1] Chockalingam P, Rammeloo LA, Postema PG, Hruda J, Clur S-AB, Blom NA, et al. Fever-induced lifethreatening arrhythmias in children harboring an SCN5A mutation. Pediatrics. 2011 Jan;**127**(1):e239-e244

[2] Schwartz PJ, Moss AJ, Vincent GM, Crampton RS. Diagnostic criteria for the long QT syndrome. An update. Circulation. 1993;**88**(2):782-784

[3] Sarquella-Brugada G, Campuzano O, sssIglesias A, Sánchez-Malagón J, Guerra-Balic M, Brugada J, et al. Genetics of sudden cardiac death in children and young athletes. Cardiology

in the Young. 2013;**23**(2):159-173

2011;**124**(20):2181-2184

[4] Schwartz PJ, Crotti L. QTc behavior during exercise and genetic testing for the long-QT syndrome. Circulation.

[5] Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, Fromer M, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Circulation. 2006;**114**:1088-1113

[6] Kamakura S, Ohe T, Nakazawa K, Aizawa Y, Shimizu A, Horie M, et al. Long-term prognosis of Probands with Brugada-pattern ST-elevation in leads V 1 –V 3. Circulation. Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 2009;**2**(5):495-503

[7] Antzelevitch C. Genetic, molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the J wave syndromes. Circulation Journal.

[8] Priori SG. Association of Long QT syndrome loci and cardiac events among patients treated with β-blockers. Journal of the American Medical Association.

[9] Schwartz PJ, Priori SG, Spazzolini C, Moss AJ, Vincent GM, Napolitano C,

2012;**76**(5):1054-1065

2004;**292**(11):1341

**References**

*Inherited Ventricular Arrhythmias, the Channelopathies and SCD: Current Knowledge… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92131*
