*3.1.1 Age, spot urine, and 24-hour urine creatinine in HIV patients*

Out of the 393 participants studied, 18 were excluded due to errors from incomplete sample collection. Their mean age was 39 ± 11 years. For all the HIV participants, the mean spot urine creatinine was 137.21 ± 98.47 (mg/dl), minimum value 13.3 mg/dl, maximum value 533.3 mg/dl, and range 520.0 mg/dl. The mean 24-hour urine creatinine was 1507 ± 781 mg, minimum value 206 mg, maximum value 4849 mg, with a range of 4643 mg (**Table 1**).
