**Author details**

2. **Extraction and refinement of active components**: There are many active components present in the essential oils, and each gives some specific property. So, many research studies are required to extract, isolate, and identify

Microemulsion formulation will be straightforward and give much fold of

3. **Regulatory approval:** The developed essential oil ME with high efficiency shouldbe approved by regulatory systems so that the commercialization will

4. **Availability of raw material:** Essential oil plant or tree sources should be cultivated so that enough amount of raw material is available to scale up the

5. **Needs awareness:** As we know, people are very used to synthetic pesticides and less aware of these types of formulations due to lack of knowledge about

All these advanced formulations are only up-to the lab level. So, a proper system of endorsement and awareness is required for the promotion of essential oil ME

Microemulsion formulation is the most suitable thermodynamically stable formulation for essential oils. Essential oils give maximum stability in microemulsions with optimized surfactants and co-surfactants. Various essential oil microemulsions have been formulated and found very useful for controlling multiple agricultural pests. Many studies revealed that essential oil stability and bio-efficacy could be further improved by using eco-friendly stabilizers and botanical synergists. Essential oil microemulsion could be a better alternative to synthetic pesticides and opens a new corridor for the promo-

The first author gratefully acknowledges the founder president of Amity Uni-

tion of the greener way of plant protection in India and across the globe.

versity, Dr. Ashok K Chauhan, for his kind support and motivation.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

these constituents. After refinement of most active components,

efficacy against various insect pests in an economical way.

be easy and successfully used by the farmers.

*Nano- and Microencapsulation - Techniques and Applications*

essential oil ME formulation.

these formulations.

formulation.

**7. Conclusion**

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

O/W oil in water w/o water in oil ϒ<sup>i</sup> interfacial tension ΔGf free energy of formation

**274**

**Appendix and nomenclature**

Abhishek Sharma<sup>1</sup> \*, Saurabh Dubey2 and Nusrat Iqbal<sup>3</sup>

1 Amity Food and Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India

2 RS Formulation Development and Consultant, Bhiwadi, India

3 Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizer, Government of India Sec-20, Gurugram, Haryana, India

\*Address all correspondence to: asharma5@amity.edu

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
