**4. Conclusion**

Lipid disorders are of fundamental importance for atherogenesis and even the occurrence of ischemic heart disease and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. They are often associated with diabetes, obesity, and hypertension with which they interact synergistically, leading to arteriosclerotic changes. Atherosclerosis is caused by changes in the wall of blood vessels characterized by lipid deposition and cell proliferation. Deposited lipids in the blood vessel wall originate from plasma lipoproteins, and elevated cholesterol, especially LDL cholesterol, is a major risk factor. Atherogenic lipoproteins include, in addition to LDL particles, almost all classes of Apo B-containing lipoproteins (VLDL, VLDL residues, IDL, Lp(a), and oxidized LDL). A common feature of all atherogenic lipoproteins is that they contain different amounts of cholesterol esters and/or Apo B-100 or Apo B-48. Atherogenic effects of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are associated with postprandial lipemia after fatty meal intake. Atherosclerosis is considered an inevitable process at the present stage of medical science development. In most people, around the age of 85, it is thought that about 60% of coronary circulation is covered by atherosclerotic plaques, provided that no risk factors are present during life. In the presence of risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, such changes in the coronary vessels are reached sometime in the 42nd year of life. This early atherosclerosis is a global problem for humanity today. The major risk factors for

**9**

**Author details**

of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia

Miljana Z. Jovandaric\* and Svetlana J. Milenkovic

provided the original work is properly cited.

\*Address all correspondence to: rrebecca080@gmail.com

Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Neonatology, Clinical Center

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

*Significance of Lipid and Lipoprotein in Organism DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91407*

**Conflict of interest**

**Funding**

None.

cardiovascular disease are the values of total LDL and HDL cholesterol. Higher HDL cholesterol has also been shown to have a protective effect. Elevated triglyceride levels also increase the incidence of myocardial infarction, even when HDL cholesterol levels are normal. Based on the studies, it was concluded that the level of total cholesterol was important in the assessment of total individual risk but the value of

LDL cholesterol was taken as the goal of therapy for lipid abnormalities.

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

*Significance of Lipid and Lipoprotein in Organism DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91407*

cardiovascular disease are the values of total LDL and HDL cholesterol. Higher HDL cholesterol has also been shown to have a protective effect. Elevated triglyceride levels also increase the incidence of myocardial infarction, even when HDL cholesterol levels are normal. Based on the studies, it was concluded that the level of total cholesterol was important in the assessment of total individual risk but the value of LDL cholesterol was taken as the goal of therapy for lipid abnormalities.
