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**7** 

*Japan*

**Response of Biogenic Silica Production in** 

Takuma Murakami1,6, Nagayoshi Katsuta2, Takejiro Takamatsu3,

*5Association of International Research Initiative for Environmental Studies,* 

Lake Baikal, in southeast Siberia, is a structural basin in the Baikal rift valley (Fig. 1a) and is the largest lake on earth in terms of fresh water volume (23,000 km3). With a surface 454 m above sea level (asl), it covers an area of 31,500 km2 (length, 636 km; maximum width, 80 km) and has a maximum depth of 1,620 m. The vegetation around the lake is characteristic of the steppe and taiga. And the annual mean temperature and rainfall around the lake are -2.2 ºC and 400–500 mm per year, respectively. The catchment area of the lake is 540,000 km2, extending from northwest Mongolia to southeast Siberia (Fig. 1b), of which 83% constitutes the drainage basin of the Selenga River (Fig. 1b and c). This is the largest river flowing into the lake and its water inflow makes up 50% of the total riverine input. The climate in the Lake Baikal region is influenced by westerly wind weather systems (Mackay, 2007). Therefore, most of the atmospheric moisture in southeast Siberia is from the North

The bottom sediment of Lake Baikal documents the long-term history of environmental changes in the Asian continental interior (southeast Siberia), showing the shift in climate on various time-scales. The main proxy records obtained from the sediment are based on the concentration of diatom frustules and biogenic silica (bioSi) (Colman et al., 1995; Kashiwaya et al., 2001; Mackay, 2007; Prokopenko et al., 1999, 2001, 2002; Williams et al., 1997) and the amount of pollen fossils (Shich et al., 2007; Tarasov et al., 2005) in the sediment indicating the bioproductivity in the lake and its surrounding watersheds. The main source of the bioSi

**1. Introduction** 

Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.

**Lake Baikal and Uranium Weathering** 

**Intensity in the Catchment Area to** 

Masao Takano1, Koshi Yamamoto1, Toshio Nakamura4

*1Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University,* 

**Global Climate Changes** 

*2Faculty of Education, Gifu University,* 

*3National Institute for Environmental Studies,* 

*4Center for Chronological Research, Nagoya University,* 

*6Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature, Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University,* 

and Takayoshi Kawai5

