Preface

This book discusses the latest research and findings on the complexity of flow; vortex dynamics. The first section contains vortex dynamics and turbulence theories. Traditional approaches of characterising vortices and length scales such as eddies, Batchelors and Kolmogorov length scales are discussed. Non-conventional vortex theories go beyond just delta and earth landscape formations, including also the decisive role of vortices in the process of planet formation and vortex sound theory on acoustic energy-generation used today in flue instruments. The second section contains mathematical modelling and simulations for aerodynamic bodies such as turbine and helicopter blades. The third section is on applications. Vortex characteristics are important in many aspects of our lives, from blood circulation in the arteries to the high-speed jet. Flow control and manipulation of vortices have been used in engineering applications. Here, flow-influencing devices are inserted into pump inlets and in a tank and the results show that these devices are effective in controlling flow behaviours. On a larger scale, a case study on urban heat island (UHI) study is also discussed. Larger scale vortex theories can be used to predict temperature patterns. Daily temperature, surface albedo, evapotranspiration, and anthropogenic heating are not the only parameters that must be used to explain the UHI phenomenon in a central business district (CBD) region, wind flows, which contain vortex theories, must also be considered for an adequate UHI explanation.

**II**

**Section 3**

of a Stirred Tank

*and Mohamed Salah Abid*

Experiments and Applications **145**

**Chapter 7 147**

**Chapter 8 163**

**Chapter 9 181**

**Chapter 10 199**

The Effects of Curved Blade Turbine on the Hydrodynamic Structure

The Effect of Liquid Viscosity on the Rise Velocity of Taylor Bubbles

*by Olumayowa T. Kajero, Mukhtar Abdulkadir, Lokman Abdulkareem* 

*by Bilel Ben Amira, Mariem Ammar, Ahmad Kaffel, Zied Driss* 

*by Luz E. Torres Molina, Sara Morales and Luis F. Carrión*

Application of Vortex Control Principle at Pump Intake

*by Zambri Harun, Tajul Ariffin Norizan and Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar*

Urban Heat Island Effects in Tropical Climate

in Small Diameter Bubble Column

*and Barry James Azzopardi*

**Zambri Harun** The National University of Malaysia, Malaysia

**1**

Section 1

Vortex Dynamics and

Turbulence Theories

Section 1
