Contents



Preface

This book discusses the latest research and findings on the complexity of flow; vortex dynamics. The first section contains vortex dynamics and turbulence theories. Traditional approaches of characterising vortices and length scales such as eddies, Batchelors and Kolmogorov length scales are discussed. Non-conventional vortex theories go beyond just delta and earth landscape formations, including also the decisive role of vortices in the process of planet formation and vortex sound theory on acoustic energy-generation used today in flue instruments. The second section contains mathematical modelling and simulations for aerodynamic bodies such as turbine and helicopter blades. The third section is on applications. Vortex characteristics are important in many aspects of our lives, from blood circulation in the arteries to the high-speed jet. Flow control and manipulation of vortices have been used in engineering applications. Here, flow-influencing devices are inserted into pump inlets and in a tank and the results show that these devices are effective in controlling flow behaviours. On a larger scale, a case study on urban heat island (UHI) study is also discussed. Larger scale vortex theories can be used to predict temperature patterns. Daily temperature, surface albedo, evapotranspiration, and anthropogenic heating are not the only parameters that must be used to explain the UHI phenomenon in a central business district (CBD) region, wind flows, which contain vortex theories, must also be considered for an adequate UHI explanation.

**Zambri Harun**

Malaysia

The National University of Malaysia,
