**3.2 Noise reduction coefficients**

Noise reduction coefficient for noise of sol (thermal power):

$$\mathbf{NRC} = \mathbf{1} - \mathbf{n1}^{-\Lambda a \mathbf{S}/\mathbf{z}\mathbf{z}} \tag{8}$$

where ΔoS is noise of therm reduction (noise transmission loss) in oncisol. Noise reduction coefficient for noise of sip (fluid power):

$$\mathbf{NRC} = \mathbf{1} - \mathbf{n1}^{-\Lambda \alpha \mathbf{S} \mathbf{i}' \mathbf{z} \mathbf{z}} \tag{9}$$

where ΔoSi is noise of scattering reduction (noise transmission loss) in oncisip. Noise reduction coefficient for noise of bel (sound power)

$$\mathbf{NRC} = \mathbf{z} - \mathbf{z}\mathbf{1}^{-\Lambda \text{o} \boxtimes \text{zx}} \tag{10}$$

**115**

presented to be very good [3].

a log scale.

**Figure 3.**

*Noise Transmission Losses in Integrated Acoustic and Thermo-Fluid Insulation Panels*

and noise of elasticity. The sensitivity analysis for an outdoor duct is also conducted for critical design of ventilation requirements with supply of varying outdoor mass flow rate to a single building zone. The improved method is useful for accurately predicting ventilation air requirements along with designing integrated thermal

**Table 3** has provided properties of physical domain. **Tables 4**–**10** have presented

sensitivity analysis and noise characterization values for the exterior duct based on mass flow rate, solar irradiation and size of duct. The thermal modeling results are presented in **Figures 4**–**8**. **Figure 4** has presented efficiencies of the building integrated photovoltaic airflow window system viz., electrical efficiency of PV module and combined efficiency of the system. **Figure 5** has presented thermal model results of PV Module, insulation panel and air with respect to height of the spandrel section. **Figure 6** has presented thermal model results for PV module temperatures with solar time for forced and natural convection and air temperatures for forced and natural convection for air cavities I and II. **Figure 7** has results for useful energy generated and solar energy absorbed by a photovoltaic module. **Figure 8** has provided variation of hydraulic diameter, velocity and flow rate vs. pressure drop on

The thermo-physical properties of photovoltaic modules, air and insulating panel were assumed constant along all directions i.e. x-, y-, and z-ordinates. The thermo-physical properties of insulating panel with building insulation were obtained from tests conducted with heat flow meter and related specifications from the manufacturer [3]. The temperature differences along x-direction are obtained by assuming same temperature difference per unit thickness of material along x- and y-ordinates [3]. The heat storage capacity for temperature differences across x-direction is negligible of the heat storage capacity for temperature differences across y-direction. Therefore temperatures are assumed uniform and lumped in x-direction. The pair of glass coated photovoltaic modules was having three layers of material viz., a flat sheet of solar cells, with glass face sheets on its exterior and interior sides. The measurements were collected for a pair of successive runs at same solar intensities [3]. The thermal model is validated by comparing its predicted results with those obtained from the experimental apparatus. The agreement between the predictions of the thermal model and experimental results was

and sound insulation through a double or cavity wall building structure.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93296*

*Prefabricated outdoor room at Concordia University.*

where ΔoB is noise of elasticity reduction (noise transmission loss) in oncibel.
