**Author details**

*Emerging Contaminants*

In the search for high productivity, the use of pesticides has been intensified in agricultural crops. Also, the indiscriminate use of these substances has reached non-target organisms, causing deleterious effects on biodiversity, especially in the

To mitigate these impacts, several methodologies have been used to detect exposure to these toxic substances in aquatic environments. Among them, the methodologies that aim to evaluate the exposed organism at the biochemical and genetic level, as described in this review, show efficiency. It allows the early identification of the presence of the contaminant even before it causes significant changes in the health of the exposed individual, as well as before higher levels of biological organization are reached. It is worth mentioning that the pesticides present in aquatic ecosystems can accumulate in high concentrations in the organ-

Monitoring and controlling the presence of these substances in the environment

The authors would like to thank the Laboratory of Comparative Physiology and Animal Behavior (LabFCCA), the Laboratory of Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics (LAGEA) and the Directorate of Environmental Management (DGA) of the Infrastructure Superintendence of the Federal University of Pernambuco/UFPE

is necessary since these compounds have become a human and environmental health problem. Allied to this, there is a need for more incentives for the adoption of sustainable agroecological practices, as well as the prohibition of harmful active ingredients to the environment, added to the strict inspection by competent

isms throughout the trophic level reaching the human being.

for their support and collaboration in the execution of this work.

**5. Conclusion**

aquatic ecosystem.

environmental agencies.

**Acknowledgements**

**86**

Marlyete Chagas de Araújo1,2, Caio Rodrigo Dias de Assis2,7, Rafael Artur de Queiroz Cavalcanti de Sá1 , Jordany Gomes da Silva1 , Bruno Oliveira de Veras1 , Kaline Catiely Campos Silva3 , Glauber Pereira Carvalho dos Santos4 , Vagne de Melo Oliveira5 , Juliana Ferreira dos Santos6 , Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto5 and Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira1 \*

1 Laboratory of Molecular Biology (BIOMOL), Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

2 Laboratory of Enzymology (LABENZ), Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil

3 Education Department, Biology Collegiate, University of the State of Bahia – UNEB, Paulo Afonso, BA, Brazil

4 Institute of Technology of Pernambuco - ITEP, Recife, PE, Brazil

5 Laboratory of Bioactive Products Technology (LABTECBIO), Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE, Recife, PE, Brazil

6 Laboratory of Physioecology in Aquaculture (LAFAq) and Laboratory of Aquaculture Production Systems (LAPAq), Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE, Recife, PE, Brazil

7 Laboratory of Organic Compounds in Coastal and Marine Ecosystems, Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil

\*Address all correspondence to: maria.bmoliveira@ufpe.br

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
