**1. Introduction**

The triple known as" people, planet, profit [1] has been chosen as a slogan by many modern businesses, trying to win the support of people and governments. The triple directs organizations to focus not only on the economic value, but also on the social and environmental value [1]. The new focus of organizations stimulates the search for the right measures of organizational success or key performance indicators (KPIs). The KPIs are used almost for any domain of our life, including medicine, education, services and green computing [2]. However, this is only one side of the coin. On the other hand, there are many applications, which enable creating and processing of KPI indicators [3–5].

There are many different tools for KPI generation and processing, but the BSC Designer is considered to be a standardized tool applied, when quantifying business strategy aspects ad relations (BSC Designer). However, there are many different KPI generating tools, which enable establishing objectives performance measurement system through KPIs selection and setting up targets for measuring each KPI and creating SMO (Strategic Management Office) within firm or company as well, while that tool is denoted as Virtual Strategy Creator [6]. All the above-mentioned applications denoted as strategy creators are designed and implemented based different approaches and principles, while the most common ARIS Business Strategy Creator is designed and implemented based on methodology established by Prof. Scheer, while that methodology represents standard in strategy creation and processing [7]. However, there are various approaches, which might be applied to business strategy creator design and implementation [8, 9] as well, while one of them is denoted as business process modeling linguistic approach (BPLM approach), where *linguistic sets* and Principle *Businesses Process Linguistic Modeling Equation* (PBPL Equation) [10, 11] represent the categories of principle importance and are being applied in designing of business strategy creator described within that contribution. The above-mentioned approach is based on sematic analysis related to content of supporting documents for business strategy creation and processing, while that analysis is being done in two phases. In the first phase, two categories of analyzed documents are created: (a) the first category of documents is applied for description of business strategy qualitative aspects and (b) the second category of documents is applied for description of business strategy quantitative aspects incl. Creation and processing of KPI indicators. The applications operating based on that principle had been searched, however no similar applications were found and therefore development of our own approach and methodology was getting started.

• The first section is concerned with qualitative aspects described via text in natural language (TNL text) and the second one, which is described via set business performance indicators (hereinafter known as KPI indicators). However, both of the above-mentioned section is being prepared based on appropriate documents, which contain adequate supporting data as well, while their content has to be undertaken to preliminary semantic analysis, first of all. This type of semantic analysis indicates, which outgoing documents are closely

*Business Process Linguistic Modeling: Theory and Practice Part I: BPLM Strategy Creator*

• Subsequently both of those document types are being undertaken to deeper semantic analysis and assigned to the first or the second section. However, the second section document semantic analysis results represent various text string and numeric data stored within sets denoted as the linguistic sets and they usually seem to be market research and the firm or company internal resources analysis results, which create basis for generation of so called initial KPI indicators. On the other hand, the above-mentioned linguistic sets represent the principle elements of linguistic business and business process modeling approach as well, while that approach will be applied, when deriving

appropriate math relations and algorithms needed for business strategy creator design and implementation conceptual model discussed in Section 4, while the business strategy creator application program should be implemented and

• In general, the KPIs are measures that a sector or organization uses to define success and track progress in meeting its strategic goals. This focus on strategic

"performance indicators" (PIs) that do not necessarily rise to the attention of policymakers or the public, but may be important for public sector managers [14–16], KPIs are not created in a vacuum. KPIs, thus, should not be thought of as standalone measures, but rather as the product of strategic thinking, analysis and negotiation around policy problems and responses. A useful tool to help conceptualize this production process is the "logic model." In strategic planning, logic models are used commonly to describe the logical linkages between problems and their solutions. The model lays out a three-stage

or long-term goals is what distinguishes KPIs from the wider array of

operated with use of graph database algorithms and procedures.

◦ Identifying the problem (s), or the community need.

◦ Developing policies or measures to address the problem (s) and

Strategic planning is a high-level exercise, typically conducted by ministry planning departments in consultation with program managers, staff responsible for stakeholders to define or sharpen focus on strategic goals and policy responses. It is at the program or activity level, however, where the budget comes into focus, and where, ultimately, performance indicators, including KPIs, are most commonly established. Other strategyzer offers real time and asynchronous collaboration to keep everyone on the same page, and one centralized place to collaborate on the firm or company strategy the other Strategic Planning

software aggregates historical business performance data and helps with creating

◦ Articulating the desired goals—the end-state of affairs or vision for the

related to the first and to the second section.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95096*

process for [7]:

future.

**161**

The contribution main goal is to design a conceptual model of business strategy creator, which should operate based on business process linguistic modeling principles (hereinafter known as BPLM Strategy Creator). In order to achieve, the main goal, three partial aims should be postulated and fulfilled: (a) to define the BPLM Strategy Creator structure and functionality from qualitative point of view (see also Section 4.1) – it seems to be the first partial aim, (b) to define appropriate math relations and algorithms concerned with linguistic modeling aspects applied in quantification of BPLM Strategy Creator functionality (see also Section 4.2) - it seems to be the second partial aim, (c) to define the BPLM Strategy Creator design and implementation via adequate expert system, the knowledge-base of which contains a set of knowledge represented by appropriate semantic networks (SNWs) and reference databases ((RDBs) (see also Section 4.4) - it seems to be the third partial aim. However, an appropriate case study creates an integral part of that contribution, the aim of which is to show how the derived math relations and algorithms should be applied related to BPLM Strategy Creator functionality (see also Section 4.3).

#### **2. State of the art**

#### **2.1 KPI indicator creation and processing, methods and tools**

Any firm or company is starting business based on its own business mission statement, business objectives and with the use of appropriate business process. All those categories are being transformed to the firm or company business strategy, which usually consists of two principal sections [12, 13]:

*Business Process Linguistic Modeling: Theory and Practice Part I: BPLM Strategy Creator DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95096*

	- Identifying the problem (s), or the community need.
	- Developing policies or measures to address the problem (s) and
	- Articulating the desired goals—the end-state of affairs or vision for the future.

Strategic planning is a high-level exercise, typically conducted by ministry planning departments in consultation with program managers, staff responsible for stakeholders to define or sharpen focus on strategic goals and policy responses. It is at the program or activity level, however, where the budget comes into focus, and where, ultimately, performance indicators, including KPIs, are most commonly established. Other strategyzer offers real time and asynchronous collaboration to keep everyone on the same page, and one centralized place to collaborate on the firm or company strategy the other Strategic Planning software aggregates historical business performance data and helps with creating

There are many different tools for KPI generation and processing, but the BSC Designer is considered to be a standardized tool applied, when quantifying business strategy aspects ad relations (BSC Designer). However, there are many different KPI generating tools, which enable establishing objectives performance measurement system through KPIs selection and setting up targets for measuring each KPI and creating SMO (Strategic Management Office) within firm or company as well, while that tool is denoted as Virtual Strategy Creator [6]. All the above-mentioned applications denoted as strategy creators are designed and implemented based different approaches and principles, while the most common ARIS Business Strategy Creator is designed and implemented based on methodology established by Prof. Scheer, while that methodology represents standard in strategy creation and processing [7]. However, there are various approaches, which might be applied to business strategy creator design and implementation [8, 9] as well, while one of them is denoted as business process modeling linguistic approach (BPLM

*Operations Management - Emerging Trend in the Digital Era*

approach), where *linguistic sets* and Principle *Businesses Process Linguistic Modeling Equation* (PBPL Equation) [10, 11] represent the categories of principle importance and are being applied in designing of business strategy creator described within that contribution. The above-mentioned approach is based on sematic analysis related to content of supporting documents for business strategy creation and processing, while that analysis is being done in two phases. In the first phase, two categories of analyzed documents are created: (a) the first category of documents is applied for description of business strategy qualitative aspects and (b) the second category of documents is applied for description of business strategy quantitative aspects incl. Creation and processing of KPI indicators. The applications operating based on that principle had been searched, however no similar applications were found and therefore development of our own approach and methodology was getting started. The contribution main goal is to design a conceptual model of business strategy creator, which should operate based on business process linguistic modeling principles (hereinafter known as BPLM Strategy Creator). In order to achieve, the main goal, three partial aims should be postulated and fulfilled: (a) to define the BPLM Strategy Creator structure and functionality from qualitative point of view (see also Section 4.1) – it seems to be the first partial aim, (b) to define appropriate math relations and algorithms concerned with linguistic modeling aspects applied in quantification of BPLM Strategy Creator functionality (see also Section 4.2) - it seems to be the second partial aim, (c) to define the BPLM Strategy Creator design and implementation via adequate expert system, the knowledge-base of which contains a set of knowledge represented by appropriate semantic networks (SNWs) and reference databases ((RDBs) (see also Section 4.4) - it seems to be the third partial aim. However, an appropriate case study creates an integral part of that contribution, the aim of which is to show how the derived math relations and algorithms should be applied related to BPLM Strategy Creator functionality

(see also Section 4.3).

**2. State of the art**

**160**

**2.1 KPI indicator creation and processing, methods and tools**

which usually consists of two principal sections [12, 13]:

Any firm or company is starting business based on its own business mission statement, business objectives and with the use of appropriate business process. All those categories are being transformed to the firm or company business strategy, predictive models of future performance based on specified business objectives and resource allocations [17].

The MetricML Indicator metatype is used for modeling its relations to other indicator types, to reference object types representing organizational context and to

*Business Process Linguistic Modeling: Theory and Practice Part I: BPLM Strategy Creator*

An alternative "attribute" approach conceptualizes performance indicator as (meta-) attribute of metatypes (e. g "average throughput time" of a business process type or "average number of employees" of an organizational unit type). Alternative approach for KPI modeling in our method is used. MetricM uses declarative models. The model of underlying processes needed for validation of KPI properties are not used in MetricM. The two approaches, presented above, build upon ideas of many earlier approaches to KPI modeling. The general tendency is to postpone the validation of the KPI properties to the moment when the process model of the

However, the KPIs are defined at a different level of abstraction, namely at the tactical and strategic level, i.e. at the level of observable states of the system and the asynchronous modeling does not provide the right level of abstraction [15, 16]. The synchronous modeling semantics is based on the CSP parallel composition operator defined by Hoare [19]. The operator defines that an event from environment is accepted by the model if all processes of this model are able to accept it.

Although there were many applications of the CSP parallel composition operator in the architecture description languages [20] in programming languages [21] only after the extension of this operator for machines with data, made by McNeile [22] the operator became practical for business system modeling. The Protocol Modeling proposed in enables coping with complexity of business modeling. The reason is

This approach is based on existence of linguistic sets, while they represent KPI modeling static aspects. However, there are many relations among those linguistic sets as well, while they are quantified via PBPL Equation [10, 11, 23, 24]. This

The KPI indicators are designed and closely related to core business processes implemented and operated at strategic management level and have a nature of so called initial and primary KPI indicators, which should be decomposed to secondary and tertiary KPI indicators. The secondary indicators are closely related to main BP management at tactic level and the tertiary KPI indicators are closely related to subordinated and elementary BP management at operational level. This approach to KPI indicator decomposition is discussed in Section 4. However, the KPI decompo-

*A dashboard in business is a tool used to manage all the business information from*

*a single point of access.* It helps managers and employees to keep track of the company's KPIs and utilizes business intelligence to help companies make

that the synchronous semantics decreases the data space of models.

sition is closely related to business dashboard existence [13, 25, 26].

*2.2.2.4 KPI indicator linguistic modeling approach*

approach is discussed in Section 4 in more details.

**2.3 KPI indicator decomposition**

data-driven decisions.

**163**

goal types [2].

*2.2.2.2 Attribute approach*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95096*

organization is ready.

Otherwise, the event is refused.

*2.2.2.3 Semantics synchronous and asynchronous modeling*
