**1.4 Principles of spare part inventory**

To facilitate the setting of inventory control policies, spare parts can be classified according to their usage rates into fast moving (where the demand is greater than, three items per year) and slow moving (demand less than three times per year).

### **1.5 Spare part inventory for fast moving parts**

The main aim of the spare part administration activities is to control the holding stock cost against the running out cost. Inventory techniques are used to control the procedures which will reduce the cost of the following stocks such as running stock, replenishing stock, and holding stock. Two basic levels are considered to control the policies for enhancing the spares:


In the re-order level policy, the so-called "two-bin" system (**Figure 1**): the inventory policy is set in terms of a re-order level M and a re-order quantity q. Continuous monitor has been done over the stocks, and replenishment order to a fixed size q is ordered when the stock is on-hand falls to or below a fixed re-order level M. Hence, re-order levels are used as reservoir which can reduce the

**Figure 1.** *Re-order level (source MTB by Alembazezwu).*

possibilities of running out of stock caused from the dwell lead time and the random variability of demand. The outcome of the stock holding is as shown in **Figure 1**. Here, solid lines describe the stock held, and the dotted lines reveal about stock on-hand.

The expression for re-order quantity is:

$$q = \sqrt{2D \mathbf{C} \mathbf{o}} / \mathbf{C} \mathbf{h} \tag{1}$$

Detailed written instructions for any work or activities (job) to be carried out, in any component or part of a plant/equipment/machinery, must be clearly shown in

*Implementation of Computerized Maintenance and Management System in Wine Factory…*

Equipment records consist the files including inventory, job performed, and maintenance cost. All these activities are well mannered which can be done while performing the jobs. Also, the maintenance costs are categorized in a historic profile manner. In general, stores and accounting departments provide the information regarding inventory. Operations, drawings, service manuals, warranties and so on

Job planning is an essential element of the effective maintenance management. A number of tasks may have to be performed prior to commencement of a maintenance job; for example, procurement of parts, tools, and materials, coordination and delivery of parts, tools, and materials, identification of methods and sequencing, and coordination with other departments. Job planning is considered as a main technique to make good observations and preventive maintenance. Here, the primary job is to complete what parts to be maintained and what is the best method to enhance the performance of the jobs. Skills, talent, and good deal time are necessary to accomplish the better procedures. However, this should be performed to gain the good experience to train the future design engineers. But, writing skills are also an important qualification along with practical experience in many practices. The way of writing the language is short, concise, and clear to understand easily. All the statements should be written clearly and the following should be followed strictly:

• Title and identification number must be given for each and every procedure.

When the procedure is completed and turned into maintenance control, the planner or scheduler should note any additional work required and see that it gets

Maintenance scheduling is as important as job planning. Schedule effectiveness is based on the reliability of the planning function. Fixed interval maintenance tasks and schedules are generally to be considered only when the option has to control the failures detected in advance. Hence, the planning for identifications and preventive levels can be finalized in days, weeks, and even months together soon to make sure

the work order [14].

**1.6 Equipment records**

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93007*

are included in the files.

**1.7 Maintenance job planning**

• Mention the purpose of the task.

done according to priority.

**1.8 Maintenance scheduling**

**311**

• Safety precautions are displayed clearly.

that the time for production must be convenient.

• List out the tools, parts, and reference documents.

• Location of the job to an operator should be stated effectively.

where q = reorder quantity; Co **=** ordering cost; D = mean demand per unit time; Ch **=** holding cost.

Assume stack is re-ordered at regular time interval. Lead time between order and delivery is negligible. Negative stack is not allowed by the policy. Constant rate of demand per unit.

The reordering level M is calculated as:

$$M = DL + K\sigma\sqrt{L} \tag{2}$$

where L **=** lead time, *σ* ¼standard deviation of demand per unit time, k **=** normal standard variety.

#### **Maintenance work order system**:

A work order is approved and given the directions in a separate or group vise to carry out the tasks. In this, all maintenance activities and responsibilities are covered to control the costs and to enhance the job performance. Work order should at least contain information such as requested and planned completion dates, work description and its reasons, planned start date, labor and material costs, item or items to be affected, work category, and appropriate approval signatures.

The two main parts of work order system are:


*Implementation of Computerized Maintenance and Management System in Wine Factory… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93007*

Detailed written instructions for any work or activities (job) to be carried out, in any component or part of a plant/equipment/machinery, must be clearly shown in the work order [14].
