**Author details**

Eduardo Landulfo1 \*, Alexandre Cacheffo1,2, Alexandre Calzavara Yoshida1,2, Antonio Arleques Gomes1 , Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes1,3, Gregori de Arruda Moreira1,4,5, Jonatan João da Silva1,6, Vania Andrioli7,8, Alexandre Pimenta7 , Chi Wang<sup>9</sup> , Jiyao Xu9 , Maria Paulete Pereira Martins7 , Paulo Batista7 , Henrique de Melo Jorge Barbosa10,11, Diego Alves Gouveia10,12, Boris Barja González13, Felix Zamorano13, Eduardo Quel14, Clodomyra Pereira15,16, Elian Wolfram17,18, Facundo Ismael Casasola15,16,19, Facundo Orte18, Jacobo Omar Salvador18, Juan Vicente Pallotta18, Lidia Ana Otero14,19, Maria Prieto15,16, Pablo Roberto Ristori14, Silvina Brusca14, John Henry Reina Estupiñan20,21, Estiven Sanchez Barrera20, Juan Carlos Antuña-Marrero22, Ricardo Forno23, Marcos Andrade23, Judith Johanna Hoelzemann24, Anderson Guimarães Guedes25, Cristina Tobler Sousa24, Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira26,27, Ediclê de Souza Fernandes Duarte27, Marcos Paulo Araújo da Silva26,27 and Renata Sammara da Silva Santos1,24

1 Center for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN) Sao Paolo, Brazil

2 Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences of Pontal (ICENP), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, Brazil

3 Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (ICAQF), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, Brazil

4 Federal Institute of São Paulo (IFSP), Campus Registro, Sao Paolo, Brazil

5 Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (IAG), University of São Paulo (USP), Sao Paolo, Brazil

6 Center for Exact Sciences and Technologies (CCET), Federal University of Western Bahia (UFOB), Barreiras, Brazil

7 National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil

8 China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather (NSSC/INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil

9 State Key Laboratory of Space Weather (SKSW), National Space Science Center (NSSC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China

10 Physics Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Sao Paolo, Brazil

11 Physics Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, USA

12 Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, The Netherlands

13 Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Magallanes (UMAG), Punta Arenas, Chile

14 Institute of Scientific and Technical Research for Defense (CITEDEF) - UNIDEF (MINDEF – CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

15 Military Geographical Service, National Geographic Institute (IGN), Buenos Aires, Argentina

16 General Directorate of Research and Development of the Argentine Army (DIGID), Buenos Aires, Argentina

17 Argentine National Weather Service (SMN), Buenos Aires, Argentina

18 Laser and Applications Research Center (CEILAP), UNIDEF (MINDEF–CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

19 Argentine National Defense University (UNDEF), Army Engineering Faculty (FIE), Buenos Aires, Argentina

20 Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics (CIBioFi), Universidad del Valle (UniValle), Cali, Colombia

21 Physics Department, Universidad del Valle (UniValle), Cali, Colombia

22 Department of Theoretical, Atomic and Optical Physics, University of Valladolid (UVA), Valladolid, Spain

23 Department of Physics, Major University of San Andrés (UMSA), La Paz, Bolivia

24 Department of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences (DCAC), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil

25 School of Science and Technology (ECT), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil

26 Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain

27 Graduate Program in Climate Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil

\*Address all correspondence to: landulfo@gmail.com; elandulf@ipen.br

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

*Lidar Observations in South America. Part II - Troposphere DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95451*
